Teaching Profession Head and Tail free essay sample

Teaching Profession: Head and Tail B. R. PARMAR ‘HANSAMUKH’ Head In present education system teacher has play an important role in transaction of curriculum. In the twenty first century, teacher has become the main focus of discussion, because teacher is the pivotal of all kind of knowledge transmission. It has been said beautifully that teacher is entitled to enter heaven. Not even this, those who accompany the teacher will also enter the heaven. The place where teacher and student meet is heaven. On the eve of the Teacher’s Day, President Smt. Pratibha Patil called on teachers to expand their role in keeping with the changing times and the advent of technology. She said that â€Å"The question may arise that in an age where there is so much information available in books, on television and myriads of vehicles of electronic transmission, what is the role of a teacher? In this environment their role has only expanded. We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching Profession: Head and Tail or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They have to interpret the vast information, often guiding children in distinguishing between what is relevant and what is not†¦. Moreover, teachers must inculcate in their students the approaches and principles that constitute civilized human behaviour. Even the best of technology of today cannot do this. † It is said that teaching profession is the best profession among all. The respect and regard of teaching profession is very high. Teacher elsewhere have always commanded great respect and regard from the society, because teacher is rescuer of humanity. He prepares citizen and creates manpower for every sector of human activity. The quality of people, and their level of thinking, largely depends on the contribution made by the teacher. This view is also supported by the father of Nation Mahatma Gandhi. He says – â€Å"I have always felt that the true text book for the pupil is his teacher. I remember very little that my teachers taught me from books, but I have even now a clear recollection of thing they taught me independently of books. † Two factors distinguish a profession once it has really evolved into one. One is the pursuit of excellence and the second is a code of ethics which the profession gradually adopts for itself. In regard to both these features, the situation in teaching is far from satisfactory. Even though the teachers have accepted the changes, responsibilities and task to create a complete individual who will be able to lead a contented, fearless, happy and peaceful life. Throughout the country and at different stages of development, teacher’s role in shaping the present and future of nation have been clearly emphasized by men of eminence in every walk of life. It is universally recognized that the most powerful influence of a teacher’s personality lies in the hidden curriculum of his personality and behaviour and the silent message which the students can, and do, get through his thinking, discipline of mind and refinement of taste. Education commission (1964-66) rightly pointed out that â€Å"The destiny of India is now being shaped in her classroom. This, we believe, is not mere rhetoric. † The teaching profession has been also extolled by Sri Sathya Sai Baba and compares a teacher with the sculptor and observes that, â€Å"the sculptor by subjecting a useless stone to different processes through careful chiseling, transforms it into a beautiful idol which becomes worthy of worship when it is installed in a temple. Whose is the hand that has transmitted a useless stone into a scared statue worshipped by many? It is the noble hand of the sculptor that has turned it into a statue and has lent an immense value to it. Similarly, it is the teacher alone just like the deft sculptor, who removes always, with deft handling, the drawbacks and weakness in students and lifts him to sublime heights. † Human Resource Development Minister Mr. Kapil Sibal also said that â€Å"symbolize the fact that the country looks to its teachers as our nation’s driving force on our journey ahead. † Tail But on the other side it is said that knowledge is not transferable. Nothing can be taught. Teacher is only a facilitator. Teacher can not change set of mind of the child. In the existing teaching practice, knowledge is considered as accumulation of facts, laws theories. Role f teacher is to transmit the authoritarian information to the students, who are considered as passive receivers of information. Teaching- Learning achievement is evaluated with the help of complicacies tests of three hours. Students’ response is judged based on the answer fixed and decided by the examination board. The exi sting examination systems categorize the students into the classes and categories with grades marks. In this critical situation what should be done then? Be a coach or a sage. In the present age, to be a sage is very difficult. Teacher does not have any power. Psychological tools have failed before new generation. Teacher- pupil relation deaden day by day. Hence, humble submission is that better to be a coach, because the coach knows the way, shows the way and goes the way. The coach knows how to teach how much to teach. Which pedagogy of teaching is suitable for a particular age group? The coach knows the way to achieve the goal. He also knows the alternative path of success. The coach also enables to understand the consequences upon the way. During my long association with teaching profession, I realized that one cannot gather the beauty of a flower only by plucking its petals. Society has to grow flowers which are full of fragrance. In my perception teaching profession is not as it looks. Let me code the observation of Prof. J. S. Rajput on the rights of a teacher. He said that â€Å"Every teacher deserves a reasonable and comparable emolument as a matter of right. They also deserve adequate opportunities for upward mobility. Their good works deserve some words of appreciation. In addition and rather more importantly, they deserve opportunities for professional growth which may include higher qualifications, innovations, experimentation and research. They have a right to express their views on school matter of immediate relevance to teacher and learner. Teacher should be motivated to undertake innovative programme, practices and experiment. They should have the right to get necessary support in their efforts. † The responsibilities and task of a teacher include creating a complete individual who will be able to lead a contented, fearless, happy and peaceful life and allow and help other to lead the same kind of life. The scope of this task is wide, complex and heavy. When one looks at the way professions have evolved in modern Indian society, one is struck by one peculiarity in regard to the profession of teaching. It is true that most of the people are drifted into teaching and it is very few who really opt for it. In terms of emoluments, it is not attractive. In terms of social prestige, it has very little to command itself. Let me code the famous saying. There can be muddy teaching in marble halls and marvelous teaching in muddy walls. Think of education where we have good infrastructure and bad teacher and compare it to the situation where we have good teacher and a bad infrastructure. Think of their salary in twenty first century where they are gating merely handful amount. In some states teacher is called Sikshakarmi, Sanvida Sikshak and education worker. No promotion, no pension. No security of job. What hell creating for them? Of course; many proverbs are there for teaching profession. But teacher can not walk and fulfill the obligations with the help of these good saying. Hence, it is the need of the hour to think over their eco-socio status with the changing times. In my opinion teacher need to be part of domain. At the same time teacher has try level best to regain his old status and be panacea for the social ills. Best reward to a teacher is that his taught have take mastery over the subject.

Analysis Of The Moldau Essays - M Vlast, Vltava, Bedich Smetana

Analysis Of The Moldau Essays - M Vlast, Vltava, Bedich Smetana Analysis Of The Moldau Composer: Bedrich Smetana Work Title: The Moldau Date: 1874-1879 Genre: Symphonic Poem For my first selection of music for this final project I chose The Moldau by Bedrich Smetana. The reason I chose this piece was first, it is a symphonic poem and second, because it perfectly exemplified the use of nationalist style and word painting. The Moldau is a symphonic poem representing Nationalist pride for Smetanas country. It is the second of six symphonic poems from the orchestral piece My Country. A symphonic poem is a one-movement orchestral form that, in this case, suggests a scene. It was written over a five-year span that covered the revolution against Austrian rule. The Moldau is a perfect example of a nationalist song, which is a song of folk pride for ones country. The piece The Moldau represents scenes along the river Moldau in Bohemia. It is here that we see the use of word painting, music expressed as though it were a painting to be seen. It begins as a few streams in the forest flowing into the mighty river, painted with a flute and some clarinets and leading to violins. The journey takes us through a day in the forest where we see hunting, peasants dancing at a wedding, nymphs in the moonlight, the St. Johns Rapids, the Ancient Castle and back to the River theme as the river dies away. It is truly an enchanting piece.

Extended Metaphors Definition, Examples and more!

Extended Metaphors Definition, Examples and more! Extended Metaphors: Definition, Examples and more! Of all the literary devices that writers use to bring their stories to life, a metaphor remains one of the most popular. The act of comparing one thing to another may sound simple, but it's proved popular over the centuries, as authors, poets, songwriters and everyday people wield it to explain something in non-literal terms.But what happens when a metaphor expands and becomes more than just a passing reference? Well, that’s exactly what this post is all about: the extended metaphor. What's the definition of an "extended" metaphor? What is an extended metaphor?An extended metaphor is a rhetorical technique that explains a concept by directly mentioning another concept and drawing multiple parallels between them. It is often used to explain a complex idea - allowing readers or listeners to visualize it in terms that they already understand.In a sense, it’s exactly what it says on the tin: a metaphor that takes the comparison a few steps further. As an example, if you wanted to explain how a traditional publishing house works with an author, you might compare it to a football team like so:The author is the quarterback, making the plays and taking the glory;The acquiring editor is the coach, calling the shots and giving the QB a team that compliments his skill set; andThe proofreader is the offensive tackle, protecting the ball-carrier from outside attacks. Preparing for a blitz from the Barnes Noble merchandising dept. (Photo by Alora Griffiths)Of course, every extended metaphor has its limits. You very rarely find perfect analogies that seamlessly map one idea onto another - so this is where someone might say that a metaphor is â€Å"falling apart†:The publicist is the, er, punter†¦ helping the team get better field position after a few setbacks?What is the effect of using extended metaphors?You may already have picked up on a few key reasons why writers use extended metaphors.They can help explain a complex idea in simple terms. The example of the football team is an attempt to communicate the interpersonal dynamics of an author-publisher relationshipSome authors use them for humor - purposefully mining the absurdity of a torturously drawn-out metaphor for comedic effect. After a while, comparing a government cabinet to V8 engine just gets silly: â€Å"The Secretary of Agriculture is the carburetor - supplying the pi stons (the population) with fuel (grain) and air (dairy).†Perhaps most importantly, writers use extended metaphors to evoke emotions and imagery when they’re writing about something that’s abstract. One of the most commonly cited metaphors comes from Shakespeare’s As You Like It. Jaque, a cynical nobleman, ruminates on the idea of free will and the significance of the individual through the metaphor of a play.All the world’s a stage,And all the men and women merely players;They have their exits and their entrances;And one man in his time plays many parts,His acts being seven ages.Instead of waxing on about predeterminism, Shakespeare asks you to think of an actor following the stage directions and reading his lines. He deals with an intellectual idea by imbuing it with an emotional and visual hook. Audiences might struggle to â€Å"see† existential dread - but they can easily imagine metaphorical actors going through the motions night after night (and twice on Wednesdays).Learn more about how Reedsy can help you craft a beautiful book.9 examples of extended metaphorsIn the proud tradition of â€Å"show don’t tell,† let’s dig into some extended metaphor examples that we’ve taken from literature, poetry, film, and music. We’ll also decipher what they mean - just so we’re not left in the dark (metaphor!). 9 extended metaphors from Sylvia Plath to Hall Oates. Example #1: Romeo and Juliet by William ShakespeareBut soft! What light through yonder window breaks?It is the East, and Juliet is the sun!Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon,Who is already sick and pale with grief.Decoded: In this soliloquy, Romeo compares the object of his affection to the sun: a radiant, untouchable figure. Extending the analogy, he wishes that she would rise quicker and chase away the moon, which pales in comparison to the beauty of Juliet.Example #2: â€Å"Stillborn† by Sylvia PlathThese poems do not live: it's a sad diagnosis.They grew their toes and fingers well enough,Their little foreheads bulged with concentration.If they missed out on walking about like peopleIt wasn't for any lack of mother-love.Decoded: In a particularly morbid example of her work, Plath describes the pain of her craft - comparing the labor of writing a disappointing poem with the trauma of losing a child at birth. One can imagine that the fingers and toes are meant to rep resent the meter of her verse and the concepts behind a poem: conceptually perfect, yet somehow tragically lacking.Example #3: â€Å"Hope Is the Thing With Feathers† by Emily Dickinson Hope! (Photo by Boris Smokrovic)Hope is the thing with feathersThat perches in the soul,And sings the tune - without the words,And never stops at all,And sore must be the stormThat could abash the little birdThat kept so many warm.Decoded: In a similar vein, Alexander Pope once wrote that â€Å"Hope springs eternal in the human breast; Man never Is, but always To be blest.† One could argue that Dickinson brings the same idea to life #4: Us by Jordan Peele**Spoilers ahead**In the 2019 domestic horror film, an affluent African-American family is terrorized by a family of twisted doppelgangers. As the story unfolds, we learn that there is an entire nation of ‘tethered’ twins who live underground - and now they’re looking to separate themselves from their above-ground counterparts.Decoded: Peele’s writing is careful not to make the doppelgangers a metaphor for any single thing. However, many interpret them to represent America’s underclass - such as largely ignored immigrant communities who toil so that the upper-classes may live in comfort.Just as in poetry, some of the best songs often revolve around a central metaphor. After all, there are only so many ways you can write a lit eral song about falling in love.Example #5: â€Å"Hound Dog,† Elvis PresleyYou ain't nothin' but a hound dogCryin' all the timeYou ain't nothin' but a hound dogCryin' all the timeWell, you ain't never caught a rabbit and you ain't no friend of mine Decoded: Presley disparages the subject of the song, calling them a dog. He then extends the analogy by saying that they have also failed to catch a rabbit - telling them that they are worthless and classless. The King could be a cold, cold man.Example #6: â€Å"Life is a Highway,† Rascal FlattsLife's like a road that you travel onWhen there's one day here and the next day goneSometimes you bend and sometimes you standSometimes you turn your back to the windDecoded: The title sorts of decodes it all for you. Life is transient: it turns unexpectedly and often it grinds to a halt. That being said, turning one’s back to the wind is more of a nautical concept, which is where the metaphor breaks down.Example #7: â€Å"Fish†, Aaron WatsonThen you throw out a line, reel it back inIf you catch a boot, you gotta cast it out againYou know you’ll never catch a keeperIf you sit around and crySo get back in that boat and fishDecoded: Playing on the old saying of †Å"plenty more fish in the sea,† Watson’s song plays up the angling angle by throwing in more fishing references. The boot presumably refers to an unsuitable partner.Example #8: â€Å"One on One,† Daryl Hall John OatesI'm tired of playing on the teamIt seems I don't get time out anymoreWhat a change if we set the pace face to faceNo one even trying to score, ohDecoded: Few people get that the literal reading of this song is about basketball - even the title is a direct hoops reference. However, within the context of the music, we can infer that Daryl Hall is tired of treating romance as a â€Å"team game† (rock and roll!) and is ready to settle down for some one-on-one.Example #9: â€Å"The Gambler,† Kenny RogersYou've got to know when to hold 'emKnow when to fold 'emKnow when to walk awayAnd know when to runYou never count your moneyWhen you're sittin' at the tableThere'll be time enough for countin'When the dealin's doneDecoded: The protagonist o f the song meets a gambler on the train. Having won all of the singer’s money, the card sharp offers gambling tips - but in this context, poker is a metaphor for life!And there you have it - a cornucopia of extended metaphors, filled to the brim with delicious analogies. The next time you’re writing something, why not try one out for yourself? You might decide it’s not your style or you may find that they’re just your cup of tea (okay, last metaphor).What examples have we missed out on? Let us know in the comments below.

Assess The Value Of An Effective Human Resource Management Strategy To Essay

Assess The Value Of An Effective Human Resource Management Strategy To The Achievement Of Organisational Goals And Objectives - Essay Example Effective human resources strategies can make or break organisations. This essay shall assess the value of an effective human resource management strategy to the achievement of organisational goals and objectives. This essay is being carried out in order to help provide this student a better understanding of HR strategies in successful corporations and to provide possible cues for corporations in the improvement of their corporate performance using better HR strategies. Body Various companies and researchers believe that human resource management processes can help organisations secure and achieve various strategic options. However, only a few would agree on how the HR actually impacts on performance (HR Spectrum, 2005). HR’s impact includes basic aspects like identification or recruitment of top performers; training these top employees to work effectively; and monitoring employee progress and supporting employees in the accomplishment of company goals (HR Spectrum, 2005). Based on company’s economic processes and concepts, competitive goals and strategies, HR management usually controls various functions. To support the organisation’s competitive advantage, HR managers can support various tools and strategies in order to secure their goals. Some approaches often emphasize the importance of best practice. Another HR approach highlights best fit, and aligning such fit within the organisation and its general environment (HR Spectrum, 2 005). ... Until the employees understand how these HR strategies work and how they impact on their company’s success, these strategies would not likely have any impact or meaning. In order to understand the association between corporate strategy and employee output, it is important to establish and HR system which supports shared beliefs and attitudes among employees (HR Spectrum, 2005). HR practices can secure higher values for the organisation and for its human capital pool by focusing the employees’ actions towards the fulfilment of corporate goals. This can further be secured if employees are willing to stick with the organisation (Baird and Meshaulam, 1988). HR managers can secure flexibility and can align the corporate values by securing traditional functions and the application of HR strategies using cost-effective mechanisms. These managers can also consider beyond the traditions of their organisation and evaluate the current trends in contemporary business management, as well as the speed of change among organisations and the implications of these changes for employees and other stakeholders (Baird and Meshaulam, 1988). Managing companies strategically highlights the internal organisation and the management of issues. This would involve the acknowledgement of the corporate climate and culture as well as the alignment of employee values with corporate and social goals. For instance, in improving labour outputs and improving company flexibility, human resources can also provide a wide range of strategic choices, including higher shareholder return and competitive advantage (HR Spectrum, 2005). Due to the improved dynamics of the marketplace, HR goals must also be flexible. Flexibility includes processes which refer to improved accommodation for

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 10

Project Management - Essay Example The new club will be larger than Benimhannas’ existing clubs. This is due to the additions of a small 100 seat cinema, and an extensive beauty spa. The beauty spa will have a vast range of treatments and services available including: spray tanning, massage, and non surgical â€Å"face lifts†. As project manager appointed by Benimhanna at the feasibility stage, you are required to prepare a report (2,000 words) outlining the activities required to successfully manage this major project of building the new private health and fitness club, and ensuring that it is completed on time, and within budget. The analysis should include the skills and competencies required by the Project Manager, along with the project management process. Use examples of the concerns, stages, processes, leadership, administration and control problems associated with managing the lifecycle of this major project. Benimhanna is a firm operating within the British leisure industry. The firm focuses on the provision of health and fitness services. Since the first establishment of the company in 1994, its development has been rapid reaching today approximately the 24 clubs across Britain. The entire firm’s clubs follow the same standards and are structured in accordance with specific guidelines and plans. The firm is currently planning to establish a new club, bigger from existing ones which will have all features that can be normally met in the firm’s clubs (i.e. a 25 x 12 metre swimming pool, a fitness facility, a health suite (including 5 tanning beds, and a sauna and steam room), 3 aerobic/dance studios, two meeting rooms, and a small cafeteria/bar lounge area, see case study) while in addition it will also include ‘a small 100 seat cinema, and an extensive beauty spa’ (case study). At a next level, the services offered by the beauty spa incorporated in the new clu b will be more than the ones provided through the firm’s current clubs across the country. The above plan is expected

Chronic Disease Risk Assessment Essay Example for Free

Chronic Disease Risk Assessment Essay When I did the assessment for chronic diseases I chose to do one for Diabetes because I am considered obese with a BMI of 39. 9 so with this certain risk factor of obesity I run the risk of developing diabetes, the assessment states â€Å"Compared to a typical woman my age, my risk of developing diabetes is above average† that is very scary because I know that diabetes can be dangerous and cause many other health problems, also it runs in my family, my father developed diabetes because of his weight, and now he does not have any working kidneys and has to do dialysis 4 days a week and requires a transplant, so my chances are high up there. There are a number of different types of diabetes, you have; Type 2, Type 1, Gestational diabetes, Pre-diabetes, lada, mody, Diabetes Insipidus, out of all these types there are some types of diabetes more prevalent than others, the most common type is Type Two, and this type can causes damage to both large and small arteries. This artery damage can result in medical problems, both common and serious; Heart attack, stroke, amputations, kidney failure, and blindness. Type Two can also cause damage to your nerves, you have a percentage of 60% to 70% of diabetics that develop diabetic nerve damage, with that you can result in the following health problems; Peripheral neuropathy, stomach and bowel problems, dizziness when standing, sexual-function problems, and localized nerve failures. With all of these health problems and potential complications you can significantly shorten the life of a person with type 2 diabetes. They all have the ability to diminish the quality of life. You can avoid these problems and even prevent them through diet and exercise, use of medication, and careful control of your blood sugar levels. With diabetes the best way of avoiding the risk of developing it is to avoid it altogether, you can make sure you talk with your doctor about your risk of getting diabetes and how to avoid it, start screening for early detection, these screening test will help to find diabetes when it is most likely to be treatable. With the screening test it will uncover the pre-diabetic state before your blood sugar rises. If you are considered over weight you should talk with your doctor about doing a screening test so that you catch it on time and are able to take care of it before it may cause any major problems. You can change your life style by getting more exercise and keeping more hysically fit, change your diet by replacing any unhealthy foods with more organic and nutritional foods, with the right amount of proper food and exercise you can take your own personal stand against diabetes, if you take the necessary steps to lose the weight you will lower your chances of developing diabetes, and extend your life expectancy, and you will not have to worry about developing any other health problems that diabetes may cause, diabetes is like a domino effect, once you have diabetes you can develop other health problems and all of them will have a negative effect on your life, making sure you lead a positive, an d healthy life style will lower your chances of developing diabetes or any other chronic disease that may reduce your longevity of life.

Personal Narrative- Varsity Volleyball Essay -- Personal Narrative

Personal Narrative- Varsity Volleyball I first started playing volleyball at a very young age. I was in the seventh grade when my volleyball career started. My sister started playing in the seventh grade and I just wanted to follow her footsteps. My seventh grade year was ok because I had just started out and really didn’t know the game. There was A team and a B team, where A team was better than the B team. I tried my best to be on the A-team, but guess where I ended up, on the B team. No matter what team I was on I never gave up. I was so determined that my eight-grade year was going to be different. Sure enough, I ended up on the A-team in the eight-grade. I thought that was the most wonderful thing in the world; I though all wrong. I did nothing but ride the bench. I hardly e...

Apple: Power, Control and Conflict Essay

According to Fortune magazine, Apple has been named the most admired company in the US in 2008, expanding its reputation throughout the world from 2008-2012. However, the popular giant organisation has being critsized widely for it’s contractor labour practices, business practices as well as Apple’s own environmental approach. This essay will analyze Apple in two different perspective theories which will help us understand the practices in a better context; these two perspective will be the modernist and the Critical theory. The modernist organization theorist thinks that having a grasp over knowledge over how well they understand how and why organizations work the way they do and how their functionality is affected by the ever-changing environmental conditions. Organizational problems are identified so as to come up with more efficient and effective ways for the organization to improve its profitability and have a competitive advantage. In addition, the modernist theorist thinks that successful organizations are able to cope with pressures internally and externally, develop basic competencies, increase productivity and being adaptable to change. The Critical Theory perspective is actually a somewhat opposite approach of the modernist theory. It is introduced to critique the unfavourable working conditions for the workers in an organisation. Although critical theorists claim it is important to observe and interact with the world, they also believe one must be able to examine and approach problems in order to come up with solutions (Rucker, 2012) Critical theorist also feel that the modernist way consider labour power is a commodity because they use people to to generate financial gains. The critical theory also states that there are unequal power in the workplace where there is control and domination by the managers with authoritative power. Power,Control, conflict There are three different theories to power, control and conflict in an organisation. According to (Weber, 2001), he thinks that legitimate power is hidden within hierarchy. For control, it is usually exercised by the organisation and it is assumed that the decision maker agree about organisational goals. Finally, for conflict, organizational decision makers are usually faced with competition, scarce resources, interdependence. This usually leads to the conflicts as the one holding powerful positions would tend to make their own decisions for their own benefits to safeguard their position. This becomes a political behavior by individuals. However, self awareness of the individual would usually lead them to align their interests with that of the company’s that will in turn benefit the organization objectives at the same time. Modernist theorists hold the concept of control using bureaucratic theories. It makes use of authority to set certain regulations, rules, standard procedures to obtain a certain kind of control over its employees. It also usually engage in differentiation and departmentalization. The modernist theorist strives to improve efficiency and effectiveness at all times by having control on information, surveillance, rewarding of employees and a contract to protect the interests of both sides. Clan control theories approaches are also used to influence employees through group behavior and to establish culture within groups. Finally, they also hold the belief that conflict in organization is counter-productive and should be managed by those in power to maximize performance. A critical theorist believes in the social, economic and political structures and ideologies play a part in affecting the organisation. It also challenges the owner’s right to profit-favours democracy. It also criticizes the system showing signs of exploitation, domination, resistance and miscommunication. It tries to frees dominated groups and develop more democratic and humanistic forms. It believes that employees of an organisation usually give consent to their own exploitation through a false sense of consciousness. Finally, it feels that conflict is an inevitable consequence of capitalism and is necessary for resistance. When the two different individuals have different perspective, disagreements tend to occur. The disagreements are further aggravated by the miscommunication or the attitudes of different individuals. This usually results in one party trying to gain an upper hand on another. A modernist theorist keeps conflicts under control by assigning power and authority to an individual to manage such problems. The formalised methods, rules and regulations by organisations also assist in helping to reduce conflicts at work. With lesser conflicts occurring at work, performance, productivity and efficiency is greatly improved. In comparison, the critical theorist supports conflicts as it shows a form of resistance towards the power in the organisation. With conflicts, improvements could be implemented and this could increase work productivity as well as a sense of worker’s satisfaction. Conflicts are viewed as beneficial in this case as workers are entitled to their own opinions which in turns help motivate the worker’s morale and induce creativity in them. Organization structure and physical structure The organisational social structure refers to the relationship people share within an organisation. This structure is believed to be used as a tool to control organisational outcomes. It also represents the way people interact and exchange information and data which improves the efficieincy of the organisation. The physical structure refers to the spatial relationships between physical elements of an organisation linked to its buildings and the places they are located at. Modernist and Critical theorist share similar ideologies about the organisation and physical structure as they help employees achieve maximum productivity which increase efficiency. However, there are certain views that are between Modernist and Critical Theorist that pales in comparison. Modernist theorist usually try to look for high levels of performance which they believe is linked to statistical relationships between dimensions of structure and performance they could develop a successful strategy. They follow the organisational practices and regulations by adopting the ‘Mechanistic’ structure (Burns & Stalker, 1961), which implements conventionalism and customary practices through guidelines. With positions and ranks to determine authority, this usually creates a sense of control over employees to achieve beneficial profits (Clegg & Haugaard, 2009). This structure is usually modelled on successful governing organisations to be used as a point of reference. As for the physical structure, the modernist perspective believes that lighting, music, temperature and a few other physical factors affects employee’s productivity. Critical theorists states that organisation and physical structures are required as the organisation would not be able to function normally without a proper structure and hierarchy. However, they see it as a way to implement and maintain control over employees. (Hatch and Cunliffe,2006). Critical theorist holds a different opinion in comparison to the modernist view on ideology as it feels that the modernist approach tends to exploit workers. They strive to enable the employees to be able to voice out against the management who make use of employee’s efforts. The critical theorists prefer to rely on the â€Å"Organic† structure (Burns & Stalker 1961) as it ensures flexibility, creativity and and tends to be less formalised. Organization Culture Apple represents a significant part of modern culture in today’s context. However, culture is a make-believe approach and does not really affect the company as a whole. Nonetheless, Apple makes full use of this approach to successfully manipulate culture to ‘please’ customers and profit off them. Analysis of Apple in Theoretical perspective The two perspectives are used to define Apple’s positive outcomes of its successful business model and understand its shortcomings. Mordernist and critical theorist have different approach on power, control, perception of organizational and physical structures of organizations. Therefore a comparison between the two theories will allow us to have a better understanding of how a big organization like Apple operates. Apple is considered one of the most successful companies globally. It is considered one of the most iconic brands around the world. Their success did not come until the introduction of iMac, iPhone and iPad series. In the modern world where people cannot live communications and networking, speed is an important factor which determines the consumer’s choices. Apple has managed to meet the consumer’s expectations of speed with an added advantage of its products being user-friendly. Modern Perspective Modernist theorist feels that Apple is the perfect example as it sets a standard for other companies to model after. It has been discovered that Apple has eanings of over $400,000 in profit per employee. That is more than other global organisations such as Goldman Sachs, Exxon Monil or Google in 2011 (Duhigg & Bradsher, 2012). With the tremendous amount of profits, it usually means the company is doing well according to modernist theorist. Apple’s values of having a clear direction, individual accountability, sense of urgency, constant feedback and clarity of mission has helped to benefit them financially as well as winning the admiration of other organizations. Apple’s operating procedures at first had proper power and control just like any other organizations. This shows that they followed the hierarchy and implemented a bureaucratic system for the employees to adhere to. Apple believes doing this will enable to employees to improve into an elite workforce. However, when Steve Jobs became CEO, he introduced a different concept to the organisation. There were still power and authority at work but this was rearranged to keep the employees motivated at work. Apple also introduced the â€Å"Direct Responsible Individual’, meaning that there were no confusion to the responsibilities of the individual that were assigned to handle as it was detail-orientated. Everybody is responsible for their own actions therefore the employees could take pride in their work. However, the control still works in a bureaucratic manner without compromising the flow of communication, therefore respecting the hierarchy of the organisation. (Clegg & Hauggard 2009). This in turn helps to boost Apple’s reputation as a professional and reputable company, giving rise to their stock prices that appealed to buyers. Apple has always outsourced its manufacturing procedures to foreign countries; This has enabled them to source for lower paid workers who were more than willing to take up the repetitive and tough jobs compared to their counterparts in America. They chose china because of its large population and cheap labour, with an average hourly rate of US $1.57 in 2008 (Froud, Johal, Leaver & Williams, 2012). They were able to produced on a massive scale with the large manpower working in its China factories. With the low production cost per unit, Apple’s gross margin per unit sold was high, raising its stock market value rising up to $343 billion (Froud, Johal, Leaver and Williams, 2012). Organizations around the world are now following in Apple’s footsteps by outsourcing their manufacturing procedures to other countries hoping to gain a higher profit margin. Critical Perspective Critical theorists criticize Apple’s operation approach as it feels that all it cares about is its profits and does not consider the needs of its employees. Although Apple claim to put less pressure and allow its employees to improve their creativity on by introducing the â€Å"Direct Responsible Individual’, Critical Theorists feels that the organisation is just making use of the employees ideas without giving them the due recognition or financial benefits generated from their own ideas. So the critical theorist is suggesting that Apple’s approach to ‘organic’ structure (Burns & Stalker 1961) is used just to exploit and control their workers by allowing them to feel a false sense of fulfilment. Critical theorist also question Apple’s decision to outsource their manufacturing process to Foxcon. They feel that workers were exploited by the low wages and long working hours. Dangerous work environments with routinized procedures to adhere to further aggravate the working conditions for the employees of Foxcon. This has allowed Apple to reap tremendous profits at the expense of the worker’s wages and poorly constructed work environment. All these factors contributed to the unexpected suicide cases due to what employees have to face at Foxcon. Although Apple released a statement that it will try its best to improve the working conditions at Foxcon, critical theorists have doubts about their claims and believe they will continue to exploit their workers. Apple and its environment The organizational environment is external factors that will affect the organization. (Hatch & Cunliffe, 2006) The environment plays an important part for Apple’s growth and sustainbility as it is a big organization. Modern perspectives Modernist oversee the environment by observing and approaching it systematically and technologically. By relating to Apple, the organisation separates itself from its manufacturing facilities in China although it uses these resources for their input process. The products produced by the factories would then be sold internationally. As Apple is aware how the environment may affect or impede their financial progress, it sticks closely to the three environmental contingency theories to help them adapt. The first theory that modernist examine would be the ‘Environmental Contingency Theory’. This states that the organization structure should undergo changes to fit the current environment (Lawrence and Lorsch, 1967). In the context of Apple, this organization change in structure could be evident in the early 90s, where Apple attempts to reinvent its platforms and improve its products hardware. It also restructured the company’s product line and introduced a new build-to-order manufacturing strategy. This adaptative approach has helped Apple return to profitability and combat other competition from other companies externally. The next theory will be the ‘Resource Dependence Theory’. This states that the environment has a tremendous influence over the organization. Therefore it must control their dependency on it and try to come up with counter strategies to the environment. (Lawrence and Lorsch, 1967). One of the examples that can be linked back to Apple would be how it outsourced its manufacturing processes to foreign countries. This shows that it is not dependent on its own labour resources but scout for cheaper alternatives instead. This theory has assisted Apple in the sense of not being too dependent of the resources found in its own country, allowing Apple to reap massive financial benefits in doing so. Finally, the last theory would be the ‘Population Ecology’ theory. Organizational ecology gets information from the biology, economics, and sociology, and tries to rely on statistical analysis to grasp the conditions under which organizations emerge, grow, and die. (Hanan & Freeman, 1977) It is seen as a different option to gain a stronger hold to the adaptation perspective. Simplified, it’s the idea that environment affects organization structure, failure, and success. This happens when companies focus on surviving within an environment by being dependent on it to operate at a basic level (Hatch and Cunliffe 2006). Apple’s success has left many organisations around to world trying to model after it in order to be gain financial benefits. Apple has set a benchmark for the organisations to rely on in order to survive. Therefore, Apple has successfully implemented certain strategies that allowed it to outlast the environment and still continue to do well. Critical perspective Critical theorists believe that Apple is a capitalist who make use of the environment to support their own company objectives. The management of Apple is seen as concentrating their efforts on profitable ideas instead of improving organisational productivity and effectiveness. This makes the company develop a sense of invulnerability. Capitalist are able to gain control over societies to avoid making restitutions for poor social and environmental conduct. Over the years, Apple has managed to transformed from an American based company to a transitional corporation. It is able to operate and produce anywhere as long as the input resource is low in cost. Although Apple has helped boost China’s economy and generate jobs and income for its citizens, critical theorist states that Apple only does this for their own financial interest. This can be seen from the exploitation of under-aged workers and the disregard for worker’s safety in a poorly constructed factory. Critical theorist also believes the fact that Apple is trying to gain monopoly of the workers through Taylorism approaches. This affects the employees in such a way that they have no other skills but to continue working for Apple. As the Chinese government does not want Apple to pull out of its country for the financial growth it is generating, it is coerced to comply with Apple’s undesirable organisational practices. Finally, Apple also registered their organisation with NASDAQ. This will improve public awareness and recognition in the company within its environment as they can provide future fund-raising capabilities by means of issuing share (Mcdowall, 2007). Achieving this would enable them to improve their net worth and gain an upper standing in the financial world. This will allow them to dominate over the environment’s social network. Conclusion In conclusion, through the two perspectives, it has allowed us to effectively see the differences in practices in Apple. It may be a correct organisational approach in the sense of a modernist view, but in a critical view, it focuses more on the social impacts Apple has on its employees. Therefore, the views only provide two different approaches of but not about whether it is a right or wrong practice. The theoretical perspective only serve as a rule of thumb in viewing the organisation in from different angles but is not a good benchmark to rely on for judgement of discernment. References: Adam Lashinsky, Sr. Editor at Large 2011, How Apple works: Inside the world’s biggest startup and Apple’s core: Who does what. Bakan, Joel (2004) The Corporation (p5-27). New York : Free Press Berg, Chris , 2012, West views poverty as a poison Apple Burns, T & Stalker, GM1961, The Management of Innovations, Tavistock Publications, London Clegg, S., & Dunkerly, D. (1980). Organization, class and control. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Duhigg Charles & Barboza David, 2012, Working themselves to death Fortune Magazine (2012) World Most Admired company http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/most-admired/2012/snapshots/670.html (viewed on 20th August) Hatch, MJ & Cunliffe, AL 2006, Organization Theory Modern , Symbolic , and Postmodern Perspectives, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, England. Jenny Chan and Ngai Pun (2012) Suicide as Protest for the New Generation of Chinese Migrant Workers: Foxconn, Global Capital, and the State Julie Froud, Sukhdev Johal, Adam Leaver, Karel Williams, 2012, Apple Business Model : Financialization across the Pacific Lawrence, P., and Lorsch, J. (1967) â€Å"Differentiation and Integration in Complex Organizations† Administrative Science Quarterly 12, 1-30. Max Weber, (2001) Introduction to Sociology http://www.cf.ac.uk/socsi/undergraduate/introsoc/weber11.html McDowall, Len, 2007, publicly Listing a Company, the Advantages & Disadvantages, (http://www.integralcapital.com.au/public_panel/publicly_listing_by_Len_McDowall.php) Michael T. Hannan and John H. Freeman (1977) The population ecology of organizations http://faculty.babson.edu/krollag/org_site/org_theory/Scott_articles/han_free_orgec.html Sadler, P.J. and Barry, B. A. 1970. Organisational Development, London: Longmans.

Conflict in literature Essay

All conflict in literature is, in its simplest form, a struggle between good and evil†. This statement simplifies the idea that all themes and struggles in literature when broken down to their most basic forms are a conflict of good versus evil. This is a valid statement because good and evil are the basis of all conflict. A conflict is a two-sided and any struggle implies a difference of opinion or emotion which can be broken down into both â€Å"good† and â€Å"evil† parts. such works that emphasize this statement are George Orwell’s novel, â€Å"Animal Farm† and the play, â€Å"Othello†, a tragedy written by William Shakespeare. William Shakespeare’s use of characterization in â€Å"Othello† describes the character Othello as a brave, courageous, and honorable soldier. Shakespeare also introduces the complete contrast of Othello in the character Iago. Iago is portrayed as two-faced and manipulation, representing the evil aspect in the play. Shakespeare uses Iago to take advantage of Othello’s trusting personality and to attack Othello’s good nature. Othello becomes overridden with hate and jealousy, which consume all of his other emotions. Othello is an example of how a character can cross the line between good and evil. The relationship between Othello’s character and Iago’s character can be viewed as a battle of the two forces. â€Å"Animal farm† is a modern political novel set in the Twentieth Century. Disliking their owner, the animals of Animal Farm attempt to revolt with the intention of setting up a â€Å"perfect† Utopian society for themselves, a society without the evil of humans. With the help of two intelligent pigs, Snowball and Napoleon, the animals were able to defeat their enemy and conquer animal far. Towards the end of the novel, we discover that Snowball and Napoleon are highly influenced by the actions of humans. Years pass on Animal farm and we find that the pigs become more and more like human beings by walking upright, carrying whips, and wearing clothes. In the end, the pigs backfire on their original plan of eliminating humans but instead, joined them. In conclusion, the struggle of good and evil is a basic struggle that is common in all novels. This common struggle is illustrated in Shakespeare’s  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Othello† and George Orwell’s â€Å"Animal Farm† through various themes and characterizations.

Traficant essays

Traficant essays Before taking statewide office, newly elected officials, judges, appointed commission members and agency directors, and special law enforcement officers are required to take an oath of office from any person in the state authorized to administer oaths. Officeholders each solemnly swear to support, obey, and defend the Constitution of the United States to discharge the duties of the office with fidelity. In addition to the constitutional requirements cited above, state officials must abide by federal statute to take and file the required oath of office (U.S. Code, Title 4, sections 101-102). Various state statutes also require specific state officers to take and file the oath of office: i.e., special law enforcement officers; agency directors; and members of boards, councils, committees, commissions, etc. These statutes and policies also require many other officials to take the constitutional oath of office before beginning their duties (Oaths of Office). When James A. Traficant represented himself in his dismissal from the House he clearly stated his innocence. In the national news there was the $150,000 barn addition they accused me of, you also heard on the news, which was the first national news story that I was involved in was a murder scheme by contract, but there is no physical evidence to dismiss me (Your Congress). James Traficant' did not committ fraud and take money. While other politicians used methods campaign donations,speaking fees, book advances and other hidden ways, he stuck to his conventional methods (free trafficant). He had to take an oath like I stated before. A man who upholds a government position must represent that position with honesty and character. He did nothing wrong, others get in trouble and never caught, whereas he has one little problem and the House dismisses him, its not fair ( Free Traficant). ...

Assessment of Patients Perceptions

Caring has been widely discussed in the health care professions, especially in nursing which is considered to be one of the caring professions (Boykin and Schoenhofer 2001). Watson (1985) describes caring as a moral ideal of nursing. According to Watson, caring preserves human dignity in cure dominated health care systems and becomes a standard by which cure is measured (Watson 1988c, p. 177). Research literature indicates that the assessment of quality of care from the patient’s perspective has been operationalised as patient satisfaction (Dufrene 2000). Nurse caring has been related to patient satisfaction in western literature (Wolf et al 2003; Wolf et al 1998; Forbes and Brown 1995; Boyle et al 1989). There are so many factors that influence patients’ perceptions of care given by the opposite sex. Some of these are: Age, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic and health status. The most consistent finding has been related to age. Older patients tend to be more satisfied with their health care. Studies that have looked at ethnicity have generally held that being a member of a minority group is associated with lower rates of satisfaction. Studies on the effect of gender show that women tend to be less satisfied and other studies show the opposite. Most studies have found that individuals of lower socio-economic status and less education tend to be less satisfied with their health care. Other studies have shown that poorer satisfaction with care is associated with experiencing worry, depression, fear or hopelessness, as is having a psychiatric diagnosis such as schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder or drug abuse. Health status can greatly influence satisfaction of an individual (Hall, 1990). It is important to examine the relationships of nurse caring to patient satisfaction in Cape Coast because of severe staff shortages, heavy workload, and low salaries in Cape Coast Hospitals. Nursing literature had long recognized importance of these perceptions as major factors militating against prompt and effective service delivery in the care environment. One of the critical roles and ethics of the nurse is to treat all patients irrespective of their gender, colour, creed, political inclination and religious affiliations. High quality nurse-client communication is the backbone of the art and science of nursing. It has a significant impact on patient well-being as well as the quality and outcome of nursing care, and is related to patients’ overall satisfaction with their care. The maintenance of high nurse patient communication also depends on the nurse and patient. The quality of care in a hospital has been shown to be influenced by several factors including: inadequate nursing staff, lack of regular water supply on wards, too much nursing documentation, too long waiting time, and lack of specialized nurses. In Ghana, there is crisis in nurse-client communication evidence from four sources. These are personal observation, anecdotes from client and their families, media reports, and official health reports. Although there is ample evidence to demonstrate that most nurses are females, one cannot discount the enormous services that male nurses provide irrespective of their gender. The ever increasing number of female nurses compared to male nurses in our wards, coupled with patient dissatisfaction toward treatment received has raised a lot of questions as to whether there is a perceived idea that male nurses offer better care or otherwise. With the introduction of Health Insurance a few years ago, more patients report to the hospital and are also consciously aware of their rights and responsibilities as patients and hence will demand for better service delivery from care givers. Recently, patient dissatisfaction has been on the ascendancy in several hospitals across Ghana including University of Cape Coast Hospital. This has raised a lot of concerns about the perceptions patients have regarding the care given by male nurses.

Room Division Operation Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Room Division Operation Management - Essay Example Other organisations such as learning institutions provide accommodation plus reception services (Pizam 2010, p. 103). For instance, higher education institutions such as colleges and universities provide accommodation inform of hostels (Andrews 2008, p. 38). Accommodation services in such organisations comprise of administration, booking, as well as communication services, while the reception services comprise of enquiries, cashiers plus room allocation services (Pizam 2010, p. 103). Accommodation and front office services are split into diverse departments and have a number of functions (Pizam 2010, p. 103). They include a front office manager whose works is to provide high quality services through providing more than the demands of the clients (Andrews 2008, p. 39). This manager plans, organises, controls, as well as directs all the functioning expenses plus the issue connected to the revenues (Pizam 2010, p. 103). The work of the guest service personnel is to welcome guests/customers who arrive at the hotel, show them the reception for clearing purposes, assign the guests their rooms plus assisting the customers carry their belongings to their rooms (Pizam 2010, p. 103). They also book and organise for guests’ arrival. Finally, night auditors work at the front office and they complement the work of the front office manager, as well as the guest service personnel. They also posts charges for numerous services offered to the guest (Andrews 2008, p. 39). A number of legal and statutory requirements help prevent business oppression and preserve competition by regulating the business functions (Pizam 2010, p. 104). The law urges that hotel operators should agree on the scope concerning operations and terms of rates, room provision and business conditions along with uniforms. In addition, the room allocation law counts or holds the innkeepers accountable for the customers’ property (Andrews 2008, p. 39). Nevertheless, this